Nearly 100 years after the Emancipation declaration, African Americans in Southern states still occupied a plainly uneven world of disenfranchisement, separation and various forms of domination, counting race-inspired aggression. In the confused decade and a half that followed, civil rights protester used passive protest and civil defiance to bring about change, and the centralized government made lawmaking headway with proposal such as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968.
Because large fragment of the population chiefly African-Americans, women, and men lacking property--have not forever been accorded full nationality rights in the American Republic, civil rights actions, or "freedom struggles," has been a regular feature of the nation's history.
The most significant achievements of African-American civil rights activities have been the post-Civil War legitimate alteration that eliminate slavery and conventional the citizenship status of blacks and the sensible conclusion and legislation based on these adjustment, notably the Supreme Court's Brown v. Board of teaching of Topeka decision of 1954, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the selection Rights Act of 1965.
Martin Luther King, Jr., who appears as the boycott movement's most effectual leader, obsessed unique appeasing and declamatory skills. He unstated the larger implication of the boycott and quickly understands that the passive tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mahatma Gandhi could be used by southern blacks.
The Birmingham conflict and other concurrent civil rights efforts encouraged President John F. Kennedy to push for channel of new civil rights legislation. By the summer of 1963, the Birmingham objection had happen to only one of many local objection revolution that conclude in the August 28 March on Washington, which involved at least 200,000 participants. King's address on that instance captured the idealistic spirit of the increasing protests.
